UTY rs2032658: Y-Chromosome Variant and Ancestral Lineage
The rs2032658 variant is a single nucleotide polymorphism located on the human Y chromosome within the UTY gene. It is primarily recognized as a genetic marker associated with Y-DNA haplogroup R and has been investigated in studies regarding HIV progression.
What each genotype means
Y-chromosome lineage marker
This genotype is a specific marker found on the Y chromosome. It is used by researchers to help identify and track Y-DNA haplogroups, which are ancestral lineages passed from father to son.
This genotype is one of the observed variations for this marker, which has a global minor allele frequency of approximately 0.2847.
Y-chromosome lineage marker
This genotype represents a variation at this specific Y-chromosome location. Because the Y chromosome is typically present as a single copy in males, this notation may reflect data from specific testing platforms or mosaicism; please consult your laboratory report for clarification on how your sample was analyzed.
This genotype is one of the observed variations for this marker, which has a global minor allele frequency of approximately 0.2847.
Haplogroup R associated marker
This genotype is associated with Y-chromosome haplogroup R, a common ancestral lineage. While this marker helps define specific paternal branches, it does not provide information about your health or disease risk.
This genotype is one of the observed variations for this marker, which has a global minor allele frequency of approximately 0.2847.
Understanding the rs2032658 Variant
The rs2032658 variant is a specific change in the DNA sequence found on the Y chromosome, which is passed exclusively from fathers to their sons. Located at position 13,470,103 on the Y chromosome (GRCh38), this SNP sits within the UTY gene. Because the Y chromosome does not undergo recombination in the same way as other chromosomes, variants like rs2032658 are highly stable over generations. This stability makes them excellent tools for scientists to trace paternal lineages and define specific Y-chromosome haplogroups. In the context of genetic databases, this variant is categorized as an ancestral marker, meaning it helps researchers map the historical migration and distribution of human populations rather than serving as a direct indicator of a specific health condition or disease risk.
The Role of the UTY Gene
The UTY gene, or Ubiquitously Transcribed Tetratricopeptide Repeat Containing, Y-Linked, encodes a protein that is part of the histone demethylase family. These proteins play a critical role in epigenetic regulation, which involves modifying the structure of chromatin to control how genes are turned on or off. While the UTY gene is located on the Y chromosome, it has a homolog on the X chromosome called UTX. Research into UTY often focuses on its function in male-specific development and its potential role in immune system regulation. Because it is Y-linked, its expression is restricted to males. While variants within this gene are often studied for their evolutionary significance, ongoing research continues to explore whether specific functional changes in UTY might influence biological processes beyond its role in ancestry.
Research and HIV Associations
The association between rs2032658 and HIV progression is a subject of scientific interest, though the evidence remains limited. Some studies have explored whether Y-chromosome haplogroups, which can be identified by markers like rs2032658, correlate with differences in how individuals control viral replication or maintain CD4+ T-cell counts. It is important to note that the primary host genetic factors known to influence HIV acquisition and disease progression are located in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6 and specific chemokine receptor genes like CCR5. While some literature has investigated Y-chromosome lineages in the context of HIV, these associations are generally considered secondary to the well-established roles of other genomic regions. Current research does not suggest that rs2032658 is a primary driver of HIV outcomes, and findings in this area should be interpreted as exploratory rather than diagnostic.
Population Frequency and Interpretation
The rs2032658 variant is relatively common, with a global minor allele frequency reported at approximately 0.2847. Because this is a Y-chromosome variant, its presence is restricted to the male population. The distribution of this SNP varies significantly across different geographic regions and ethnic groups, reflecting the historical expansion of haplogroup R. For a reader, this information is primarily useful for understanding paternal ancestry. It is not a clinical test, and it cannot be used to predict personal health outcomes or disease susceptibility. If you have questions about your genetic results or how they relate to your health, it is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare provider or a genetic counselor who can provide context based on your full medical history and clinical needs.
How common is this variant?
The rs2032658 variant has a global minor allele frequency of 0.2847, with its distribution being highly dependent on the specific Y-chromosome haplogroup lineage of the male population studied.
Frequently asked questions
What does rs2032658 tell me about my health?
The rs2032658 variant is primarily an ancestral marker used to identify Y-chromosome haplogroups. It is not a diagnostic tool and does not provide information about your personal health or disease risk.
Is rs2032658 linked to HIV?
Some research has investigated Y-chromosome haplogroups in the context of HIV progression, but the evidence is limited. Major host genetic factors for HIV are located elsewhere in the genome, such as the MHC region.
Can women have the rs2032658 variant?
No, this variant is located on the Y chromosome. Since the Y chromosome is typically only present in biological males, this marker is not applicable to females.
How is this variant used in ancestry testing?
Genetic testing companies use markers like rs2032658 to determine your Y-DNA haplogroup. This helps trace your direct paternal line back through thousands of years of human migration.
Sources & further reading
Educational information only, last refreshed 9/19/2026. Not medical advice — these associations describe population statistics, not individual predictions.
Curious what your genotype is for rs2032658?
Upload a raw DNA file from 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, or FamilyTreeDNA and see this variant — plus thousands more — interpreted in your full report.
Get my report — $29Related variants in UTY
A Y-chromosome variant often used in phylogenetic studies to distinguish specific subclades within paternal haplogroup I1.
Y-chromosome variant (P212) that serves as a lineage marker distinguishing Y-DNA Haplogroup I from ancestral haplogroup IJ.
This Y-chromosome SNP is a diagnostic marker for Y-DNA haplogroup I1b.